Conscientious

Chien Chi Chang's photo project The Chain - photos of inmates of a mental institution in Taiwan who are being held chained together - is online at Magnum.

"We do not know how we become unaware of the unbearable heaviness of inbustry and industrialization. What wealth can they create, what a wonderful world-we tell ourselves. What we do not see is this: In many of the industrial seators, what people have been doing is not only physically demanding. [...] When labour is a source of pride, material return is less of a concern for the labourers. When this pride wears out in the course of time and as money sneaks in to be a standard measure, the glory is lost and survival instincts take over."
Zhou Hai's The Unbearable Heaviness of Industry is one of the finest works of photojournalism I've seen in a while.

Don Hong-Oai's photography follows classic Chinese imagery. (updated entry)

Have a look at seascapes by Dodo Jin Ming.

Don Hong-Oai - whose photography incorporates elements of traditional Chinese painting - died on June 8.

Cao Fei is a Chinese multi-media artist whose photography, especially the Cosplayer series, is quite interesting.
(see at notes from somewhere bizarre)

"In 1979 Tseng Kwong Chi put on a thrift store Mao-era suit to enter a 'coat-and-tie' restaurant in New York and was mistaken by the ma羡re d' for a Chinese dignitary. The next year he successfully crashed the opening of the Ch'ing dynasty exhibition at the Metropolitan Museum of Art - posing with the rich and famous as a Chinese Communist official. Tseng realized then that he had tapped into a profound theme - one that would drive his artistic career for the next eleven years - 'the pervasive ignorance of Westerners regarding Asia generally and China specifically.'" (source; more samples)

I revisited Chinese photographer Wang Qingsong's website and was - again - quite impressed with his work. His more recent tableau pieces are excellent, and I especially like the simple statements that go with them. His elaborately staged scenes remind me of Gregory Crewdson's work. In any case, make sure to look at the two masterpieces China Mansion and Romantique. I think those must be some of the most creative commentaries I've ever seen on Western culture entering another culture. Also don't miss Night Revels of Lao Li, made available online by The First Post.
(updated post)

I failed to find more than some rudimentary information about An Hong (also see this page), whose photographic re-interpretations of Buddhistic imagery are quite interesting.

Hong Lei's photography is very conceptual, and Westerners - with their somewhat embarrassingly limited knowledge of China - might be left quite baffled by some of the imagery. Also see this brief overview. This page has a very short introduction of some of the background.

Like many other Chinese photographers who I linked to recently, Chi Peng's work is more like a mix between photography and performance art. See more examples here and here.

Miao Xiaochun comments on the changes China is undergoing by appearing as a spectator, dressed up in an ancient costume, in his images. See more samples here and here.

It's interesting to see how Danwen Xing's portfolio has been evolving from gritty b/w photography towards computer-enhanced photos of architectural models. There's a lot of interesting stuff to be found on her site.

Yang Yankang's photography follows classic b/w traditions. Check out both this site and this site, both of which offer nice, large versions of the images.

You can learn more about Chinese performance artist Zhang Huan's work by reading one of the articles/interviews on his website. Also see this article/interview (and you probably want to treat the cyber-ad that features Add Coulter on that page [provided it shows up] as a kind of absurd, unintended performance art [often mistaken for actual politics]).

Zhang JunGang's photography offers an interesting mix of styles.

Selected highlights from the 2006 FotoFest Beijing can now be found here. I have long been very interested in photography coming out of China, and if you look at the different works to be seen on that site, you might get an idea why.